3 octombrie 2019

5G: Un mare risc pentru sănătate – Prof. Dr. Martin L. Pall

În timp ce implementarea tehnologiei wireless 5G este asiduu promovată, fără un singur test asupra efectelor biologice, Dr. Martin Pall ‒ Doctor în Biochimie și Genetică, Profesor Emerit de Biochimie și Științe Medicale Fundamentale la Universitatea de Stat din Washington, Director de Cercetare la Tenth Paradigm Research Group, Portland, Oregon ‒ avertizează, pe baza dovezilor științifice incontestabile, asupra pericolului unei iminente explozii a problemelor de sănătate cauzate de noua tehnologie: boli neuro-degenerative și cronice, infertilitate, cancere, autism, copii născuți morți, orbire, disfuncții hormonale, deteriorarea ADN-ului, insuficiență renală, holocaustul insectelor, distrugerea pădurilor.

Astfel, într-un amplu raport¹ adresat forurilor responsabile ale Uniunii Europene, Statelor Unite și tuturor organizațiilor internaționale competente, Dr. Martin Pall sintetizează opt tipuri de afecțiuni ce pot fi provocate de 5G. (A.G.)

Mai bine de 60% din raportul nostru se concentrează pe contestarea afirmațiilor Comitetului Științific pentru Riscurile Medicale Emergente și Nou Identificate (SCENIHR), ale industriei telecomunicațiilor, ale Comisiei Federale a Comunicațiilor (FCC) și ale Administrației pentru Alimente și Medicamente (FDA) din Statele Unite, care nu reflectă știința actuală și omit, în mod repetat, o mare parte sau chiar toate concluziile acesteia. Aceste organizații sunt obișnuite nu numai cu omisiunile, ci și cu falsurile ușor demonstrabile, susținând eforturile ample ale industriei telecomunicațiilor de a corupe știința, atacând oameni de știință a căror singură vină a fost aceea că ajunseseră la descoperiri importante care nu erau pe placul industriei, precum și de a corupe agențiile federale cu importante roluri de reglementare.

Există însă o vastă literatură de specialitate ce oferă un nivel ridicat de certitudine științifică pentru fiecare dintre cele opt efecte fiziopatologice provocate de expunerile la câmpurile electromagnetice (CEM) de frecvență non-termică a microundelor. Astfel, CEM-urile provoacă:

1. Trei tipuri de atacuri ale ADN-ului celular, care produc rupturi monocatenare și bicatenare în ADN-ul celular, oxidând bazele din ADN-ul celular. Fiecare dintre aceste modificări duce la apariția cancerului și la importante modificări genetice atât la oameni, cât și animale. Când se petrec în celulele somatice, pot cauza cancerul, iar când se petrec în celulele de linie germinală, cauzează trei dintre cele mai importante tipuri de mutații în generațiile viitoare: mutații cromozomiale, mutații ale numărului de cópii și mutații punctuale.

2. Fertilitate scăzută la bărbați și femei, creșterea riscurilor de avort spontan, scăderea nivelurilor de estrogen, progesteron și testosteron, scăderea libido-ului. Calitatea spermei poate scădea sub 50% la populațiile din țările lumii avansate tehnologic². Un studiu realizat pe reproducerea cobailor³ a arătat că expunerea la CEM-uri de frecvență radio în parametrii aflați în limitele actualelor linii directoare de siguranță a produs scăderi substanțiale în reproducere, în timp o expunere peste aceste limite a produs sterilitate totală sau aproape totală, direct proporțională cu nivelul de expunere ‒ sterilitate ce s-a dovedit în mare parte ireversibilă.

3. Efecte neurologice și neuro-psihiatrice. Articolul meu pe această temă⁴, precum și două studii anterioare citate au evidențiat o serie de efecte ale CEM-urilor, înregistrate în societățile noastre avansate tehnologic: perturbări ale somnului și insomnie; oboseală; dureri de cap; depresii și simptome depresive; lipsă de concentrare și de atenție, disfuncții cognitive; amețeală și vertij; perturbări ale memoriei; agitație, tensiune, anxietate, stres și iritabilitate. Există dovezi științifice că CEM-urile cauzează un debut al demenței foarte devreme, incluzând Alzheimer, demență digitală sau alte forme.

4. Apoptoză (moartea celulară programată). Cele mai importante consecințe ale creșterilor semnificative ale apoptozei sunt apariția bolilor neuro-degenerative și reproducerea scăzută, dar, pe lângă acestea, mai există și altele.

5. Afecțiunile provocate de stresul oxidativ. Stresul oxidativ afectează reproducerea, funcțiile neurologice, determină deteriorări ale ADN-ului celular și cauzează cancerul.

6. Efecte endocrine (hormonale). Prin expunerea la CEM, scad nivelurile hormonilor steroizi, în timp ce nivelurile altor hormoni cresc; de asemenea, scad nivelurile hormonilor neuro-endocrini și ale insulinei, probabil datorită epuizării endocrine.

7. Creșteri ale nivelurilor de calciu intracelular ([Ca2+]i) ca urmare a expunerii la EMF, ducând la creșterea semnalizării celulare prin ionii de calciu.

8. Apariția cancerului. Efectele în lanț produse în celulele noastre de expunerile la EMF-uri pot cauza cancer în 15 moduri diferite. Cancerul cerebral, cancerul salivar, neurom acustic și alte două tipuri de cancer își cresc incidența din cauza folosirii telefonului mobil. Persoanele care trăiesc în apropierea turnurilor de telefonie mobilă prezintă rate crescute de cancer. Operatorii radio de unde scurte sau cei de radio amator, precum și persoanele expuse la radar au o incidență ridicată de cancer. Utilizatorii de telefoane mobile pe termen lung au cea mai mare incidență de cancer cerebral, constatându-se creșterea cancerului pe partea ipsilaterală a capului (partea pe care sunt folosite telefoanele mobile).

Soluții există

Fiecare dintre aceste efecte este produs prin mecanismul principal de acțiune al CEM-urilor de frecvență joasă, anume prin activarea canalelor de calciu voltaj dependente (CCVD). Fiecare dintre aceste efecte este produs prin așa-numitele efectele în lanț ale activării CCVD, care conduc apoi la electro-hiper-sensibilitate (EHS). În continuare, EHS provoacă perturbări metabolice foarte greu de recuperat după un anumit nivel. Sensibilitatea extraordinară a senzorului voltaj CCVD la forțele EMF-urilor ne arată că actualele linii directoare de siguranță permit să fim expuși, în mod legal, la niveluri de EMF aproximativ de 7,2 milioane de ori peste nivelul normal. Astfel, atât fizica, cât și biologia atrag atenția asupra aceluiași mecanism de acțiune a EMF-urilor non-termice.

Astfel, diferitele efecte produse de EMF-uri devin adevărate amenințări existențiale, dacă luăm în considerare faptul că unele dintre ele sunt deopotrivă cumulative și ireversibile. Există o evidență incontestabilă a caracterului cumulativ și ireversibil al efectelor neurologice și neuro-psihice, al celor reproductive, al mutațiilor ADN-ului, al efectelor cardiace, precum și al unora dintre efectele hormonale.

De asemenea, orice ocurență a ADHD-ului și autismului ca urmare a expunerii la CEM-uri nu face decât să ne îngrijoreze și mai mult. Când știm că valorile spermei au scăzut sub 50% în toate țările dezvoltate tehnologic la nivel mondial, e greu să ascunzi faptul că majoritatea populației din aceste țări este deja serios afectată. Aceeași concluzie se poate trage și pe baza răspândirii efectelor neuro-psihiatrice în aceste țări. Ambele efecte se vor agrava și mai mult, chiar și fără creșterea expunerilor curente, din cauza naturii cumulative și a ireversibilității lor. Evident, 4G și 5G nu fac decât să înrăutățească situația.

În plus, mă aștept ca deteriorarea funcțiilor creierului, pe care o constatăm deja, să ne pecetluiască soarta, dacă nu vom acționa rapid și energic, căci există soluții: internetul poate fi accesat în continuare folosind conexiuni cu fir; putem reduce substanțial radiația telefonului mobil și radiația telefonului fără fir; contoarele inteligente (smart meters) pot funcționa foarte bine prin conexiuni prin cablu etc.

Atâta timp cât există un risc major determinat de multiple amenințări existențiale pentru fiecare țară avansată tehnologic, ignorarea vehementă a acestuia dovedește o uriașă lipsă de responsabilitate.

(va urma)

Traducere și selecție de

Ana Gheorghiu

Bibliografie:

Studii care demonstrează efectele asupra sănătății ale CEM-urilor de frecvență radio:

Lezarea ADN-ului celular: rupturi monocatenare și bicatenare în ADN-ul celular și baze oxidate în ADN-ul celular, ce conduc la modificări mutaționale cromozomiale și de altă natură

1. Glaser ZR, PhD. 1971 Naval Medical Research Institute Research Report, June 1971. Bibliography of Reported Biological Phenomena (“Effects”) and Clinical Manifestations Attributed to Microwave and Radio-Frequency Radiation. Report No. 2 Revised. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Glaser+naval+medical+microwave+radiofrequency+1972&btnG=&hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C38 (Accessed Sept. 9, 2017)

2. Goldsmith JR. 1997 Epidemiologic evidence relevant to radar (microwave) effects. Environ Health Perspect 105(Suppl 6):1579-1587.

3. Yakymenko IL, Sidorik EP, Tsybulin AS. 1999 [Metabolic changes in cells under

electromagnetic radiation of mobile communication systems]. Ukr Biokhim Zh (1999), 2011 Mar-Apr:20-28.

4. Aitken RJ, De Iuliis GN. 2007 Origins and consequences of DNA damage in male germ cells. Reprod Biomed Online 14:727-733.

5. Hardell, L., Sage, C. 2008. Biological effects from electromagnetic field exposure and public exposure standards. Biomed. Pharmacother. 62, 104-109.

6. Hazout A, Menezo Y, Madelenat P, Yazbeck C, Selva J, Cohen-Bacrie P. 2008 [Causes and clinical implications of sperm DNA damages]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil ;36:1109-1117.

7. Phillips JL, Singh NP, Lai H. 2009 Electromagnetic fields and DNA damage. Pathophysiology 16:79-88.

8. Ruediger HW. 2009 Genotoxic effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. Pathophysiology. 16:89-102.

9. Makker K, Varghese A, Desai NR, Mouradi R, Agarwal A. 2009 Cell phones: modern man’s nemesis? Reprod Biomed Online 18:148-157.

10. Yakymenko I, Sidorik E. 2010 Risks of carcinogenesis from electromagnetic

radiation and mobile telephony devices. Exp Oncol 32:729-736.

11. Yakimenko IL, Sidorik EP, Tsybulin AS. 2011 [Metabolic changes in cells under electromagnetic radiation of mobile communication systems]. Ukr Biokhim Zh (1999). 2011 Mar-Apr;83(2):20-28.

12. Gye MC, Park CJ. 2012 Effect of electromagnetic field exposure on the reproductive system. Clin Exp Reprod Med 39:1-9. doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2012.39.1.1

13. Pall, ML. 2013. Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects. J Cell Mol Med 17:958-965. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12088.

14. Pall, M. L. 2015 Scientific evidence contradicts findings and assumptions of Canadian Safety Panel 6: microwaves act through voltage-gated calcium channel activation to induce biological impacts at non-thermal levels, supporting a paradigm shift for microwave/lower frequency electromagnetic field action. Rev. Environ. Health 3, 99-116. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2015-0001.

15. Hensinger P, Wilke E. 2016. Mobilfunk-Studienergebnisse bestδtigen Risiken Studienrecherche 2016-4 verφffentlicht. Umwelt Medizin Gesellshaft 29:3/2016.

16. Houston BJ, Nixon B, King BV, De Iuliis GN, Aitken RJ. 2016 The effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on sperm function. Reproduction 152:R263-R276.

17. Batista Napotnik T, Reberšek M, Vernier PT, Mali B, Miklavčič D. 2016 Effects of high voltage nanosecond electric pulses on eukaryotic cells (in vitro): A systematic review. Bioelectrochemistry. 2016 Aug;110:1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2016.02.011.

18. Asghari A, Khaki AA, Rajabzadeh A, Khaki A. 2016 A review on Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and the reproductive system. Electron Physician. 2016 Jul 25;8(7):2655-

19. Pall ML. 2018 How cancer can be caused by microwave frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) exposures: EMF activation of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) can cause cancer including tumor promotion, tissue invasion and metastasis via 15 mechanisms. Chapter 7 in Mobile Communications and Public Health, Marko Markov, Ed., CRC press, pp 163-184.

20. Pall ML. 2018 Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health. Environ Res 164:404-416.

21. Wilke I. 2018 Biological and pathological effects of 2.45 GHz on cells, fertility, brain and behavior. Umwelt Medizin Gesselshaft 2018 Feb 31 (1). 2662. doi: 10.19082/2655.

Fertilitate scăzută, incluzând modificări de remodelare a țesuturilor în testicule, număr scăzut de spermatozoizi și calitate scăzută a spermei, fertilitate scăzută a femeii, incluzând remodelare ovariană, pierderi de oocite, nivele scăzute de estrogen, progesteron și testosteron (hormonii sexuali), creșterea incidenței avortului spontan, libido scăzut

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Glaser+naval+medical+microwave+radiofrequency+1972&btnG=&hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C38 (Accessed Sept. 9, 2017)

2. Tolgskaya MS, Gordon ZV. 1973. Pathological Effects of Radio Waves, Translated from Russian by B Haigh. Consultants Bureau, New York/London, 146 pages.

3. Goldsmith JR. 1997 Epidemiological evidence relevant to radar (microwave) effects. Environ Health Perspect 105(Suppl 6):1579-1587.

4. Aitken RJ, De Iuliis GN. 2007 Origins and consequences of DNA damage in male germ cells. Reprod Biomed Online 14:727-733.

5. Hazout A, Menezo Y, Madelenat P, Yazbeck C, Selva J, Cohen-Bacrie P. 2008 [Causes and clinical implications of sperm DNA damages]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil ;36:1109-1117.

6. Makker K, Varghese A, Desai NR, Mouradi R, Agarwal A. 2009 Cell phones: modern man’s nemesis? Reprod Biomed Online 18:148-157.

7. Kang N, Shang XJ, Huang YF. 2010 [Impact of cell phone radiation on male reproduction]. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 16:1027-1030.

8. Gye MC, Park CJ. 2012 Effect of electromagnetic field exposure on the reproductive system. Clin Exp Reprod Med 39:1-9. doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2012.39.1.1

9. La Vignera S, Condorelli RA, Vicari E, D’Agata R, Calogero AE. 2012 Effects of the exposure to mobile phones on male reproduction: a review of the literature. J Androl 33:350-356.

10. Carpenter DO. 2013 Human disease resulting from exposure to electromagnetic fields. Rev Environ Health 2013;28:159-172.

11. Nazıroğlu M, Yüksel M, Köse SA, Özkaya MO. 2013 Recent reports of Wi-Fi and mobile phone-induced radiation on oxidative stress and reproductive signaling pathways in females and males. J Membr Biol 246:869-875.

12. Adams JA, Galloway TS, Mondal D, Esteves SC, Mathews F. 2014 Effect of mobile telephones on sperm quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Int 70:106-112.

13. Liu K, Li Y, Zhang G, Liu J, Cao J, Ao L, Zhang S. 2014 Association between mobile phone use and semen quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Andrology 2:491- 501.

14. K Sri N. 2015 Mobile phone radiation: physiological & pathophysiological considerations. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 59:125-135.

15. Hensinger P, Wilke E. 2016. Mobilfunk-Studienergebnisse bestδtigen Risiken Studienrecherche 2016-4 verφffentlicht. Umwelt Medizin Gesellshaft 29:3/2016.

16. Houston BJ, Nixon B, King BV, De Iuliis GN, Aitken RJ. 2016 The effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on sperm function. Reproduction 152:R263- R276

17. Pall ML. 2018 Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health. Environ Res 164:404-416.

18. Wilke I. 2018 Biological and pathological effects of 2.45 GHz on cells, fertility, brain and behavior. Umwelt Medizin Gesselshaft 2018 Feb 31 (1).

Efecte neurologice și neuro-psihiatrice

1. Marha K. 1966 Biological Effects of High-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (Translation). ATD Report 66-92. July 13, 1966 (ATD Work Assignment No. 78, Task 11). http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0642029 (accessed March 12, 2018)

2. Glaser ZR, PhD. 1971 Naval Medical Research Institute Research Report, June 1971. Bibliography of Reported Biological Phenomena (“Effects”) and Clinical Manifestations Attributed to Microwave and Radio-Frequency Radiation. Report No. 2 Revised.

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Glaser+naval+medical+microwave+radiofrequency+1972&btnG=&hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C38 (Accessed Sept. 9, 2017)

3. Tolgskaya MS, Gordon ZV. 1973. Pathological Effects of Radio Waves, Translated from Russian by by Haigh. Consultants Bureau, New York/London, 146 pages.

4. Bise W. 1978 Low power radio-frequency and microwave effects on human electroencephalogram and behavior. Physiol Chem Phys 10:387-398.

5. Raines, J. K. 1981. Electromagnetic Field Interactions with the Human Body: Observed Effects and Theories. Greenbelt, Maryland: National Aeronautics and Space Administration 1981; 116 p.

6. Frey AH. 1993 Electromagnetic field interactions with biological systems. FASEB J 7:272-281.

7. Lai H. 1994 Neurological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. In: Advances in Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems, Vol. 1, J.C. Lin, Ed., Plenum Press, New York, pp. 27-88.

8. Grigor’ev IuG. 1996 [Role of modulation in biological effects of electromagnetic radiation]. Radiats Biol Radioecol 36:659-670.

9. Lai, H 1998 Neurological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. http://www.mapcruzin.com/radiofrequency/henry_lai2.htm.

10. Aitken RJ, De Iuliis GN. 2007 Origins and consequences of DNA damage in male germ cells. Reprod Biomed Online 14:727-733.

11. Hardell, L., Sage, C. 2008. Biological effects from electromagnetic field exposure and public exposure standards. Biomed. Pharmacother. 62, 104-109.

12. Makker K, Varghese A, Desai NR, Mouradi R, Agarwal A. 2009 Cell phones: modern man’s nemesis? Reprod Biomed Online 18:148-157.

13. Khurana VG, Hardell L, Everaert J, Bortkiewicz A, Carlberg M, Ahonen M. 2010 Epidemiological evidence for a health risk from mobile phone base stations. Int J Occup Environ Health 16:263-267.

14. Levitt, B. B., Lai, H. 2010. Biological effects from exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted by cell tower base stations and other antenna arrays. Environ. Rev. 18, 369-395. doi.org/10.1139/A10-018

15. Carpenter DO. 2013 Human disease resulting from exposure to electromagnetic fields. Rev Environ Health 2013;28:159-172.

16. Politański P, Bortkiewicz A, Zmyślony M. 2016 [Effects of radio- and microwaves emitted by wireless communication devices on the functions of the nervous system selected elements]. Med Pr 67:411-421.

17. Hensinger P, Wilke E. 2016. Mobilfunk-Studienergebnisse bestδtigen Risiken Studienrecherche 2016-4 verφffentlicht. Umwelt Medizin Gesellshaft 29:3/2016.

18. Pall ML. 2016 Microwave frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produce widespread neuropsychiatric effects including depression. J Chem Neuroanat 75(Pt B):43-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.08.001.

19. Hecht, Karl. 2016 Health Implications of Long-Term Exposures to Electrosmog. Brochure 6 of A Brochure Series of the Competence Initiative for the Protection of Humanity, the Environment and Democracy. http://kompetenzinitiative.net/KIT/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/KI_Brochure- 6_K_Hecht_web.pdf (accessed Feb. 11, 2018)

20. Sangün Ö, Dündar B, Çömlekçi S, Büyükgebiz A. 2016 The Effects of Electromagnetic Field on the Endocrine System in Children and Adolescents. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 13:531-545.

21. Belyaev I, Dean A, Eger H, Hubmann G, Jandrisovits R, Kern M, Kundi M, Moshammer H, Lercher P, Müller K, Oberfeld G, Ohnsorge P, Pelzmann P, Scheingraber C, Thill R.

2016 EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses. Rev Environ Health DOI 10.1515/reveh- 2016-0011.

22. Zhang J, Sumich A, Wang GY. 2017 Acute effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic field emitted by mobile phone on brain function. Bioelectromagnetics 38:329-338. doi: 10.1002/bem.22052.

23. Lai H. 2018. A Summary of Recent Literature (2007–2017) on Neurological Effects of Radio Frequency Radiation. Chapter 8 in Mobile Communications and Public Health, Marko Markov, Ed., CRC press, pp 185-220.

24. Pall ML. 2018 Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health. Environ Res 164:404-416.

25. Wilke I. 2018 Biological and pathological effects of 2.45 GHz on cells, fertility, brain and behavior. Umwelt Medizin Gesselshaft 2018 Feb 31 (1).

Apoptoză (moarte celulară programată)

1. Glaser ZR, PhD. 1971 Naval Medical Research Institute Research Report, June 1971.

Bibliography of Reported Biological Phenomena (“Effects”) and Clinical Manifestations Attributed to Microwave and Radio-Frequency Radiation. Report No. 2 Revised. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Glaser+naval+medical+microwave+radiofrequency+1972&btnG=&hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C38 (Accessed Sept. 9, 2017)

2. Tolgskaya MS, Gordon ZV. 1973. Pathological Effects of Radio Waves, Translated from Russian by B Haigh. Consultants Bureau, New York/London, 146 pages.

3. Raines, J. K. 1981. Electromagnetic Field Interactions with the Human Body: Observed Effects and Theories. Greenbelt, Maryland: National Aeronautics and Space Administration 1981; 116 p.

4. Hardell L, Sage C. 2008. Biological effects from electromagnetic field exposure and public exposure standards. Biomed. Pharmacother. 62:104-109. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2007.12.004.

5. Makker K, Varghese A, Desai NR, Mouradi R, Agarwal A. 2009 Cell phones: modern man’s nemesis? Reprod Biomed Online 18:148-157.

6. Levitt, B. B., Lai, H. 2010. Biological effects from exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted by cell tower base stations and other antenna arrays. Environ. Rev. 18, 369-395. doi.org/10.1139/A10-018

7. Yakymenko I, Sidorik E. 2010 Risks of carcinogenesis from electromagnetic radiation and mobile telephony devices. Exp Oncol 32:729-736.

8. Yakimenko IL, Sidorik EP, Tsybulin AS. 2011 [Metabolic changes in cells under electromagnetic radiation of mobile communication systems]. Ukr Biokhim Zh (1999). 2011 Mar-Apr;83(2):20-28.

9. Pall, ML. 2013. Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects. J Cell Mol Med 17:958-965. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12088.

10. Pall ML. 2016 Microwave frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produce widespread neuropsychiatric effects including depression. J Chem Neuroanat 75(Pt B):43-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.08.001.

11. Batista Napotnik T, Reberšek M, Vernier PT, Mali B, Miklavčič D. 2016 Effects of high voltage nanosecond electric pulses on eukaryotic cells (in vitro): A systematic review. Bioelectrochemistry. 2016 Aug;110:1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2016.02.011.

12. Asghari A, Khaki AA, Rajabzadeh A, Khaki A. 2016 A review on Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and the reproductive system. Electron Physician. 2016 Jul 25;8(7):2655- 2662. doi: 10.19082/2655.

13. Pall ML. 2018 Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health. Environ Res 164:404- 416.

Stresul oxidativ și efectele negative ale radicalilor liberi (mecanisme importante implicate în aproape toate bolile cronice; cauză directă a deteriorării ADN-ului celular)

1. Raines, J. K. 1981. Electromagnetic Field Interactions with the Human Body: Observed Effects and Theories. Greenbelt, Maryland: National Aeronautics and Space Administration 1981; 116 p.

2. Hardell, L., Sage, C. 2008. Biological effects from electromagnetic field exposure and public exposure standards. Biomed. Pharmacother. 62, 104-109.

3. Hazout A, Menezo Y, Madelenat P, Yazbeck C, Selva J, Cohen-Bacrie P. 2008 [Causes and clinical implications of sperm DNA damages]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil ;36:1109-1117

4. Makker K, Varghese A, Desai NR, Mouradi R, Agarwal A. 2009 Cell phones: modern man’s nemesis? Reprod Biomed Online 18:148-157.

5. Desai NR, Kesari KK, Agarwal A. 2009 Pathophysiology of cell phone radiation: oxidative stress and carcinogenesis with focus on the male reproductive system. Reproduct Biol Endocrinol 7:114.

6. Yakymenko I, Sidorik E. 2010 Risks of carcinogenesis from electromagnetic radiation and mobile telephony devices. Exp Oncol 32:729-736.

7. Yakimenko IL, Sidorik EP, Tsybulin AS. 2011 [Metabolic changes in cells under electromagnetic radiation of mobile communication systems]. Ukr Biokhim Zh (1999). 2011 Mar-Apr;83(2):20-28.

8. Consales, C., Merla, C., Marino, C., et al. 2012. Electromagnetic fields, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. Int. J. Cell Biol. 2012: 683897.

9. LaVignera et al 2012 La Vignera S, Condorelli RA, Vicari E, D’Agata R, Calogero AE. 2012 Effects of the exposure to mobile phones on male reproduction: a review of the literature. J Androl 33:350-356.

10. Pall, ML. 2013. Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects. J Cell Mol Med 17:958-965. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12088.

12. Pall, M. L. 2015. Scientific evidence contradicts findings and assumptions of Canadian Safety Panel 6: microwaves act through voltage-gated calcium channel activation to induce biological impacts at non-thermal levels, supporting a paradigm shift for microwave/lower frequency electromagnetic field action. Rev. Environ. Health 3, 99-116.

13. Yakymenko I, Tsybulin O, Sidorik E, Henshel D, Kyrylenko O, Kysylenko S. 2015 Oxidative mechanisms of biological activity of low-intensity radiofrequency radiation. Electromagnetic Biol Med: Early Online 1-16. ISSN: 1536-8378.

14. Hensinger P, Wilke E. 2016. Mobilfunk-Studienergebnisse bestδtigen Risiken Studienrecherche 2016-4 verφffentlicht. Umwelt Medizin Gesellshaft

29:3/2016.

15. Houston BJ, Nixon B, King BV, De Iuliis GN, Aitken RJ. 2016 The effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on sperm function. Reproduction 152:R263-

R276.

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17. Wang H, Zhang X. 2017 Magnetic fields and reactive oxygen species. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Oct 18;18(10). pii: E2175. doi: 10.3390/ijms18102175.

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Efecte endocrine (hormonale)

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11. Pall ML. 2018 Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health. Environ Res 164:404-416.

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Calciu intra-celular crescut: calciul intra-celular este menținut la nivele foarte scăzute, în afară de scurte creșteri folosite pentru a produce răspunsuri de reglare, așa încât menținerea unor niveluri ridicate de calciu intracelular determină multe răspunsuri fiziopatologice.

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CEM-urile pulsate sunt, în cele mai multe cazuri, mult mai active din punct de vedere biologic decât CEM-urile nepulsate

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Fiecare dintre aceste articole prezintă în mod obișnuit între 5 și peste 100 de citări de literatură primară, fiecare arătând că expunerile la EMF-uri non-termice produc efectul sub care sunt listate. Rezultă de aici că nu există doar unsprezece sau mai multe articole ce documentează fiecare dintre aceste efecte, ci o vastă literatură primară care le documentează. Rezultă de aici că ICNIRP (International Commission on Non Ionising Radiation Protection), FCC (Federal Communication Commission) și International Safety Guidelines, care se bazează doar pe efectele termice ale EMF-urilor, sunt inadecvate și au existat petiții și alte declarații ale grupurilor internaționale ale oamenilor de știință care exprimă o mare îngrijorare în acest sens.

1 Dr. Martin L. Pall, 5G: Great risk for EU, U.S. and International Health! Compelling Evidence for Eight Distinct Types of Great Harm Caused by Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Exposures and the Mechanism that Causes Them.

2 Levine H, Jorgensen N, Martino-Andrade A, Mendiola J, Weksler-Derri D, Mindlis I, Pinotti R, Swan SH. 2017 Temporal trends in sperm count: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Human Reproduction Update, https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmx022

3 Magras IN, Xenos TD. 1997 RF radiation-induced changes in the prenatal development of mice. Bioelectromagnetics 18:455-461.

4 Pall ML. 2016 Microwave frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produce widespread neuropsychiatric effects including depression. J Chem Neuroanat 75(Pt B):43-51. doi:

10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.08.001.

Foto: Kurhan Dreamstime.com

5G: Un mare risc pentru sănătate – Prof. Dr. Martin L. Pall

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